Unit 19: Government & Politics

This chapter examines the state and the institutions of the state, definitions and theories of power and authority, the representation of the diverse U.S. population by the government, and the role of the military.
 


 

    Read: Chapter 19: Government & Politics

    Attend: Government & Politics

    Glossary:
    authority power that is perceived by others as legitimate
    autonomous state model a theoretical model of the state that interprets the state as developing interests of its own, independent of other interests
    bureaucracy a type of formal organization characterized by an authority hierarchy, a clear division of labor, explicit rules, and impersonality
    charismatic authority authority derived from the personal appeal of a leader
    democracy system of government based on the principle of representing all people through the right to vote
    dictatorship form of government where power resides in the rule of one person who acquires power through force and maintains it usually through having control of the military
    gender gap term referring to the differences in women’s and men’s political attitudes and behavior
    government those state institutions that represent the population and make rules that govern the society
    interest group a constituency in society organized to promote its own agenda
    interlocking directorate organizational linkages created when the same people sit on the boards of directors of a number of different corporations
    iron law of oligarchy process wherein a small elite become increasingly powerful as bureaucratic leaders become enchanted with their elite status and make decisions that protect their power
    military–industrial complex term used to describe the linkage between business and military interests
    monarchy form of government characterized by having a head of state who rules for life and where authority tends to be inherited
    pluralist model a theoretical model of power in society as coming from the representation of diverse interests of different groups in society
    political action committees (PACs) groups of people who organize to support candidates they feel will represent their views
    power a person or group’s ability to exercise influence and control over others
    power elite model a theoretical model of power positing a strong link between government and business
    propaganda information disseminated by a group or organization (such as the state) intended to justify the power of dominant groups
    rational-legal authority authority stemming from rules and regulations, typically written down as laws, procedures, or codes of conduct
    revolution the overthrow of a state or the total transformation of central state institutions
    state the organized system of power and authority in society
    traditional authority authority stemming from long-established patterns that give certain people or groups legitimate power in society