| biological determinism
|
explanations that attribute complex social
phenomena to physical characteristics |
| comparable worth |
the principle of paying women and men equivalent
wages for jobs involving similar levels of skill |
| discrimination |
overt negative and unequal treatment of the
members of some social group or stratum solely because of their
membership in that group or stratum |
| doing gender |
a theoretical perspective that interprets gender
as something that is accomplished through the ongoing social
interactions people have with one another |
| dual labor market theory
|
the idea that women and men have different
earnings because they tend to work in different segments of the
labor market |
| feminism |
beliefs and actions that attempt to bring
justice, fairness, and equity to all women, regardless of their
race, age, class, sexual orientation, or other characteristics |
| gender |
socially learned expectations and behaviors
associated with members of each sex |
| gender identity |
one’s definition of self as a woman or man |
| gender segregation |
the distribution of men and women in different
jobs in the labor force |
| gender socialization
|
the process by which men and women learn the
expectations associated with their sex |
| gender stratification
|
the hierarchical distribution of social and
economic resources according to gender |
| gendered institution
|
the idea that whole institutions are patterned by
gender |
| glass ceiling |
popular concept referring to the limits that
women and minorities experience in job mobility |
| hermaphroditism |
a condition produced when irregularities in
chromosome formation or fetal differentiation produce persons with
mixed sex characteristics |
| human capital theory
|
a theory that explains differences in wages as
the result of differences in the individual characteristics of the
workers |
| ideology |
a belief system that tries to explain and justify
the status quo |
| index of dissimilarity
|
a measure used to indicate the number of workers
who would have to change jobs to have the same occupational
distribution as the comparison group |
| labor force
participation rate |
the percentage of those in a given category who
are employed |
| liberal feminism |
a feminist theoretical perspective asserting that
the origin of women’s inequality is in traditions of the past that
pose barriers to women’s advancement |
| matriarchy |
a society or group in which women have power over
men |
| multiracial feminism
|
form of feminist theory noting the exclusion of
women of color from other forms of theory and centering its analysis
in the experiences of all women |
| occupational segregation
|
the pattern by which workers are separated into
different occupations on the basis of social characteristics such as
race and gender |
| patriarchy |
a society or group in which men have power over
women |
| radical feminism |
feminist theoretical perspective that interprets
patriarchy as the primary cause of women’s oppression |
| sex |
used to refer to biological identity as male or
female |
| sexism |
a system of practices and beliefs through which
women are controlled and exploited because of the significance given
to differences between the sexes |
| sexology |
the scientific study of sex |
| socialist feminism |
a feminist theoretical perspective that
interprets the origins of women’s oppression as lying in the system
of capitalism |
| Title IX |
federal law that prohibits gender discrimination
in any educational institution that receives federal funds |